The electronic control unit receives real-time operating condition information detected by crankshaft speed sensors, coolant temperature sensors, air flow sensors, accelerator pedal position sensors, needle valve travel sensors, etc. Then, based on the control programs and parameters or graphs pre-set and stored inside the ECU, it determines the control parameters suitable for the current operating conditions of the diesel engine through data operation and logical judgment. And these parameters are converted into electrical signals and sent to the corresponding actuators. The actuator elements flexibly change the opening and closing time of the fuel injector solenoid valve or the opening or closing of the switch according to the instructions of the ECU, so that the combustion process of the cylinder ADAPTS to the needs of various working conditions of the diesel engine, thereby achieving the purpose of maximizing the output power of the diesel engine, reducing fuel consumption and reducing emissions.
Once the sensor detects that certain parameters or states exceed the set range, the electronic control unit will store the fault information and light up the indicator lights on the dashboard (to alarm the operator). If necessary, it will automatically cut off the oil circuit or close the intake valve through the solenoid valve to reduce the output power of the diesel engine (or even stop the engine from running). This is the emergency protection mode for faults in the electronic control system to protect the diesel engine from severe damage
